time-scales, the spatial extent of the variations is increasing (space-time structure) Correlation of interannual temperature variations in Brussels with temperature variations in the rest of the world in a climate [...] basis for the quantitative use of paleoclimate records. The instrumental record is only a snapshot of our climate record. Two recent advances allow a deeper use of the paleo-record: (1) the increased [...] itut) Lake & Sea ice algae Lake & Sea-ice algae The seasonal extent and properties of Arctic ice on land and in the ocean determine the efficacy of the albedo feedback mechanism causing arctic climate

thermal environment of the mother has a strong influence on the fitness of the offspring in a matching environment. Mechanistically the plastic adaptation is linked to higher efficiency of the mitochondrial [...] between environment of the parents and of the offspring exists, it can be a selective advantage to transfer information about phenotypically plastic traits to the offspring. We investigate the epigenetic mechanisms [...] mechanisms of transgenerational plasticity (TGP) in the context of ocean warming and performance in a marine population of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), and could show that the thermal

rising and the Wadden Sea ecosystems are changing rapidly (Figure 1). At the Wadden Sea station of Sylt we have one of the most detailed and species rich marine time series in the world. The so-called Sylt [...] years, much of the work on the LTER has focused on key species and their role in habitat stability and species function. The demise of and introduction of species especially in the context of resilience [...] and taxonomical biodiversity of the North Sea, as well as the computation of flows of energy and nutrients through the system also via models. We aim to integrate the different data sets using modelling

studies in biology at the University of Bremen and then returned to the AWI and especially to the labs. Here, the supervision of our microalgal stock culture collection, the realization of lab experiments on [...] content are also part of the spectrum of my tasks in the group, besides the preparation of expeditions and ordering logistics. "What will happen tomorrow?" is an important question for me, not just regarding [...] faster than the global average. The influx of warm Atlantic water and the rapid melting of glaciers, releasing sediments and freshwater, make Svalbard a unique place to study the effects of climate change

role of the oceans. He is a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics and in 2005, he received the Lewis Fry Richardson medal [...] 2015 Prof. Lynne D. Talley , Scripps Institution of Oceanography elaborated the " Role of the Southern Ocean in the Global Overturning Circulation ". About a hundred colleagues from Bremen and Bremerhaven [...] is professor of Dynamical Oceanography at the Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht and director of the Centre for Complex Systems Studies within the Department of Physics of Utrecht University

early stages of the infection) show signs of the disease, but still can transmit the virus. The precautions and measures to be taken in areas with no signs of HPAI and without previous reports of HPAI outbreaks [...] Depending on the assessment of the information / report provided, the HPAI Task Force will give you advice on the continuation of your fieldwork. The HPAI Task Force might also ask you to continue with the observations [...] testing of these samples require prior approval and advice by the HPAI Task Force. To prevent the spread of the virus and reduce the risk of transmissions and infections, no sick or dead birds and marine mammals

and study the local influences of the sea, the ice and the atmosphere on the Weddell Sea and global processes. August - October 2008 – RV Polarstern is the first research vessel in the world to circumnavigate [...] care is still fit for the trip to the ice. Birthday spends the research icebreaker in the vastness of Antarctica. The public can visit the ship in June, before it traveled the southern hemisphere for a year [...] During the Polarstern’s 29th Antarctic expedition, the researchers on board investigate the status of the Antarctic ecosystem after the polar winter, as well as the causes of differences in the development

Marine Protected Area The Weddell Sea lies in the Atlantic sector of the Antarctic, to the east of the Antarctic Peninsula. It is one of the few remaining marine regions in the world that are largely untouched [...] Protected Areas? With an area of 2.2 million square kilometres, the Weddell Sea MPA ( area west of the Prime Meridian ) would be the largest MPA in the world. The declared goal of the United Nations is to protect [...] exploration of the southern continent and its waters for all time. To define more precisely how the living resources of Antarctic waters could be used, the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine

into the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland. Why are they important? Because information on the past composition of the atmosphere is stored in the ice. Over the decades, layer after layer of snow [...] content, the staff can determine when there were past volcanic eruptions. Another question is how the temperature developed in e.g. the Antarctic hundreds of thousands of years ago. In this regard, the water’s [...] and head of the ice-core drilling group in Bremerhaven. Since they can’t simply turn back the clock, the scientists rely on laborious measuring methods to test the ice cores. These rods of glacier ice

And the eyes of muskoxen work like a combination of snow goggles and night vision gear. Yet the future of all these survivors is uncertain; over the past few decades, the living conditions in the Arctic [...] comes to surviving in the Arctic, it’s a whole new ball game. Arctic sea ice at sunrise (Photo: Stefan Hendricks) The Arctic Ocean Unlike at the southern tip of the planet, in the High North there is no [...] which form on the ice in the summer and freeze over in the autumn. In many regions of the Arctic, the melting sea ice will likely result in higher productivity among the ice algae in the short term. Yet