Coastal Ocean Dynamics Helgoland Time-Series Coastal Ocean Dynamics Helgoland Time-Series – What are the drivers? • CTD • Turbidity • Fluorescence • PAR • Wind • pCO2 • O2 • ADCP Coastal Ocean Dynamics [...] Productivity & Efficiency of the Biological Carbon Pump and Biodiversity in the present and future ocean. Mission: From Physics to Fish • Increasing human activities and climate change have been shown as [...] 7° 52.788‘E Background…where it all started Background…where it all started Challenges of Coastal Ocean Observations: • Biofouling • Turbidity: Long distance between Camera & Strobe • Limited data sets

refreezing at the sea ice surface dramatically changes the energy exchange between atmosphere and ocean in the Arctic. Melt ponds play a key role in these changes, because they substantially enhance the absorption [...] albedo of Arctic summer ice from satellite optical data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 163, 153-164. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.012. Rösel, A.; Kaleschke, L., Birnbaum, G. 2012. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice [...] early summer, when melt ponds started to form. From 9 May to 8 June 2008, we operated in the Canadian Arctic, mainly over the southern Beaufort Sea with Inuvik as airbase for Polar 5 . Sea ice conditions changed

refreezing at the sea ice surface dramatically changes the energy exchange between atmosphere and ocean in the Arctic. Melt ponds play a key role in these changes, because they substantially enhance the absorption [...] albedo of Arctic summer ice from satellite optical data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 163, 153-164. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.03.012. Rösel, A.; Kaleschke, L., Birnbaum, G. 2012. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice [...] early summer, when melt ponds started to form. From 9 May to 8 June 2008, we operated in the Canadian Arctic, mainly over the southern Beaufort Sea with Inuvik as airbase for Polar 5 . Sea ice conditions changed

parameters in the ice-covered, central Arctic Ocean. The concurrent recording of physical, biological and biogeochemical measurements in the atmosphere, sea-ice and ocean for time periods of several months [...] observatory (Graphic: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) The properties of the atmosphere, sea-ice and the polar oceans, and feedbacks between these domains play an important role in global climate. At the same time, [...] by other means. Contact Dr. Mario Hoppmann Dr. Marcel Nicolaus Dr. Benjamin Rabe Deployment of an ocean profilers in the sea-ice (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut)

under the snow and ice cover of the Arctic Ocean. The results of the study now published in the "Arctic Drift" awarded Honored again: "A Year in the Ice: The Arctic Drift," the documentary on the MOSAiC [...] ." New dataset reveals biological “treasure trove” of Arctic Ocean A major new project will help benchmark biodiversity change in the Arctic Ocean and guide conservation efforts by identifying unique species [...] An entire year trapped in the Arctic ice MOSAiC - Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate It could be the largest-scale Arctic research expedition of all time: In September

first aerial survey flights over the Arctic this year. The flights, which will extend far into the Central Arctic, will support the investigation of the atmosphere and sea ice, and supplement the MOSAiC [...] expedition’s extensive research agenda. Core research priorities include cloud formation over the Arctic Ocean and the question as to whether the sea ice observed during MOSAiC was generally thicker or thinner [...] Arctic
Following a five-month mandatory delay due to the coronavirus pandemic, on August 30th the two German polar research aircraft Polar 5 and Polar 6 will launch from Svalbard to conduct their first

Passively traversing the Arctic propelled solely by the natural power of the ice is the most environmentally friendly method of conduc- ting research with an icebreaker in the Arctic Ocean. The Polarstern is [...] crew members will be taking part in the major Arctic project; not least to conduct research that will allow us to better predict future changes in the Arctic sea ice and the global climate. Naturally, the [...] Journey Bremerhaven – Arctic: 19 days times 54 tonnes diesel per day: 1,026 t (travelling in water and ice) Drift: 357 days times 15 tonnes diesel per day: 5,355 t Return journey Arctic– Bremerhaven: 14 days

Earth compartments. MOSES primarily targets four events: heat waves, hydrological extreme events , ocean eddies and the thawing of permafrost . Hydrological extreme events Recent global projections predict [...] the Northern Hemisphere’s land mass and a large portion of the Siberian and North American shelves. Arctic warming occurs at a much higher rate (by up to 8 to 10 times) compared to the rest of the world.

In the DFG-funded Emmy-Noether junior research group MOVE "Mid-Ocean Volcanoes and Earthquakes", we collected an extensive dataset of local earthquake records in several expeditions ( AMORE - SWEAP - RHUM [...] volcanoes, a feature of ultraslow ridges (Schmid et al. 2017) . Installation of a seismic station on Arctic sea ice (Photo: V. Schlindwein)