Long-Term Ecological Research in the deep Arctic Ocean The marine Arctic has been an integral part of the history of our planet over the past 130 million years and contributes significantly to the present [...] state of the atmosphere depend to a significant extent on arctic marine processes. The past decades has seen remarkable changes in the Arctic, of which we do not know whether these represent temporary [...] and biotic parameters in a transition zone between the northern North Atlantic and the central Arctic Ocean, the Alfred Wegener Institute established the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) observatory

learning and deep learning for permafrost region remote sensing applications Remote sensing of Arctic Ocean Color Upscaling of permafrost region field measurements with remote sensing Generating permafrost

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the thickness of the Arctic sea ice is steadily declining and meltwater pools are increasingly forming in summer, covering large areas of the Arctic sea ice, both the ice and the ocean below absorb more solar [...] between the ocean and atmosphere sea ice modulates the flow of energy, kinetic force, salt, moisture and trace gases between the two components. Though our knowledge of the sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic [...] data are needed in order to validate our computer models and depict the realities of sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic as precisely as possible using computers. If we succeed in this detail work, we’ll

North. Arctic Council https://arctic-council.org/en/ The Arctic Council is the leading intergovernmental forum promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States, Arctic Indigenous [...] the Arctic play in the Earth system? What characterizes the Arctic environment? What changed in the Arctic over the last decades? What is permafrost? How does thawing permafrost affect the Arctic environment [...] permafrost connects to the Arctic climate explain how the Arctic residents and economy depend on the Arctic environment the relationship between the Arctic environment and especially permafrost assess the

SF6 record Our SF6 observational network data comprise: (1) long- term data records from Alert (Arctic), Izaña (sub-tropics, Tenerife Island), Cape Grim (Tasmania, Australia), and Neu- mayer (Antarctica) [...] (Antarctica), (2) two meridional profiles collected in November 1990 and November 1993 over the Atlantic Ocean (50◦ N to 68◦ S), (3) regular vertical aircraft pro- files over the Rhine Valley (Germany), Syktyvkar [...] Observations at the four globally distributed stations and along meridional transects over the Atlantic Ocean show relatively uniform SF6 mixing ratios north of 30◦ N, and south of about 15◦ S. A nearly linear

penguins, seals and whales of the Southern Ocean. As such, its role in the waters of the Antarctic is just as central as that of the polar cod in those of the Arctic. Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) Antarctic [...] Peeken (r.) during fieldwork on Arctic sea ice (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) AWI biologist Hauke Flores (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) Nothing doing without ice The Arctic food web, depending on sea ice [...] ice (Photo: ArcCoML) The ice cover of the Arctic Ocean is a major pillar of marine life. Its freezing and melting determine as of when and for how long polar bears can prey on seals on the ice. The same

N. and Dommergue, A. (2018): Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean using Radon-222, Frontiers in Earth Science, 6. doi: 10.3389/feart.2018.00190 Weller, R., Legrand [...] Schrems, O. (1998): Tropospheric ozone depletion in polar regions - A comparison of observations in the Arctic and Antarctic, Tellus, Vol. 50B, pp. 34-50, www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3402/tellusb.v50i1

N. and Dommergue, A. (2018): Atmospheric Transport Pathways to Antarctica and the Remote Southern Ocean using Radon-222, Frontiers in Earth Science, 6. doi: 10.3389/feart.2018.00190 Weller, R., Legrand [...] Schrems, O. (1998): Tropospheric ozone depletion in polar regions - A comparison of observations in the Arctic and Antarctic, Tellus, Vol. 50B, pp. 34-50, www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3402/tellusb.v50i1

Arctic Ocean
The Arctic has a serious litter problem: in just ten years, the concentration of marine litter at a deep-sea station in the Arctic Ocean has risen 20-fold. This was recently reported in