collected data can be used, for example, to study changes in the freshwater content of the upper Arctic Ocean, as in the NORTHATLANTIC project. Together with higher-precision data from ship-based expeditions [...] drifting measurement platforms that record vertical profiles of water mass properties in the ice-covered oceans. The systems are moored on the ice and measure temperature, salinity, and pressure in the upper 800 [...] online. The deployment of these autonomous measuring systems is coordinated through the International Arctic Buoy Programme. Contacts Dr. Benjamin Rabe +49(471)4831-2403 Benjamin Rabe@awi. Dr. Mario Hoppmann

these algae. This also means that the decline of the Arctic sea ice may have far-reaching consequences for the entire food web of the Arctic Ocean. Their results have been published online now in the journal [...] Food web
Algae that live in and under the sea ice play a much greater role for the Arctic food web than previously assumed. In a new study, biologists of the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre

the Eurasian shelf seas. Ocean waters with salinities below the average salinity of the Arctic Ocean also contribute positively to the fresh water balance of the Arctic Ocean. Such waters flow in from [...] er-Institut) Figure 1: Surface circulation of the Arctic Ocean (Graphic: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) Figure 2: Mid-depth circulation in the Arctic Ocean, which is fed from the Atlantic. 129 Iodine releases [...] blue line shows the total Arctic (liquid + sea ice) freshwater content (integrated in the area in blue on the map) (Graphic: T. Kovacz, Alfred-Wegener-Institut) The Arctic Ocean receives freshwater by run-off

Assessing the contribution of ocean and sea ice initialization for seasonal predictionin the Arctic , Madlen Kimmritz Assimilation of sea ice freeboard observations into an ocean and ice analysis and forecast [...] zone from ocean gravity wave attenuation, Giacomo De Carolis Sea Ice Concentration uncertainties , Rasmus Tonboe Sea-ice thickness and snow depth observations from satellite altimeters in Arctic and Antarctica [...] and results) Sea ice observations and uncertainties Sea ice model parameterizations and coupling to ocean and atmosphere models Verification approaches for sea ice analyses and forecasts Automated prediction

inside the ocean. They can grow as large as skyscrapers, travel thousands of kilometres and have a major impact on the transport of heat and nutrients. When they break, the surrounding ocean water is mixed [...] mixed. Oceanographer Dr Friederike Pollmann and her new Junior Researcher Group Artemics (Arctic internal wave energetics and mixing and their interdependence with sea ice in changing climate conditions) [...] conditions) at the Alfred Wegener Institute want to investigate how these waves work in the Arctic, how they are related to sea ice retreat and what this means for the future.

Arctic
The Arctic Ocean was once a gigantic freshwater lake. Only after the land bridge between Greenland and Scotland had submerged far enough did vast quantities of salt water pour in from the Atlantic

Press release

On 29 May 2025, the Polarstern research vessel set sail from Bremerhaven for the Arctic. The destination of the 95 expedition participants, led by the Alfred Wegener Institute, is the AWI Hausgarten, a [...] y situated between Svalbard and Greenland. There they will investigate how the ecosystems of the Arctic deep sea are reacting to changing environmental conditions as a result of rapid climate change. The [...] June, will focus on benthic and plankton communities in the open water and physical changes in the ocean.

This much carbon in the Arctic Ocean comes from land Due to climate change and the associated rising temperatures more and more organic carbon is flowing into the central Arctic ocean. Scientists have now [...] largest Arctic expedition in history: on 12 October 2020 our research vessel Polarstern returned after a year-long drift. Find out more UN Ocean Conference 2025 Find out more UN Decade of Ocean Science [...] now quantified how much and how it affects the ability of the ocean to store CO2. Find out more Press release Taking to the highsea with a young research spirit On board the Polarstern research vessel, an

Press release