feedback mechanisms in the Arctic affect the phase shift of Arctic surface temperature. The function of each feedback will be quantified for understanding the physical processes of Arctic amplification underlying [...] isotopes in Arctic Sea ice, Ocean and atMosphere (CiASOM) The MOSAiC drift experiment offered the unique possibility to tackle the main hydrological processes occurring in the Central Arctic covering a [...] Nitzbon OC1 "The Ocean in the Earth System" Seasonal and Decadal Climate Variability determined from Ocean Data, Coral Proxies, and Model Simulations, Excellence Cluster MARUM Large-scale ocean circulation

increased to 1 km in the whole Arctic Ocean and further refined to subkilometer scales at the MOSAiC sites. The decades-long eddy-resolving model results for the Arctic Ocean and the well-evaluated and documented [...] Changing Arctic" (EPICA) is a BMBF funded project that will use high-resolution modeling and observations to understand the properties and impacts of (sub)mesoscale eddies in the Arctic Ocean, especially [...] eddies are important features that shape the ocean hydrography and influence the mixed layer dynamics. However, their properties and precise roles in the Arctic Ocean are still poorly understood, with serious

Sea-ice algae The seasonal extent and properties of Arctic ice on land and in the ocean determine the efficacy of the albedo feedback mechanism causing arctic climate amplification. Various ice types are inhabited [...] Sampling and analytical strategy to investigate taxonomic and functional ice algae composition in the ocean and lakes. (Photo: Alfred-Wegener-Institut) High-resolution reconstruction of regional climate changes [...] Interdisciplinary research projects at the interface between natural science and data science Topic A: "Arctic Environmental Data Analytics"– Gregor Pfalz Topic B: "Data fusion using remote sensing data and

Antarctic food web in the global ocean, our project has a large societal relevance enabling us to predict the consequences of global warming for the Southern Polar Ocean. Participants Prof. Dr. Bettina [...] in a warming Southern Ocean (PEKRIS II) Project description Antarctic krill ( Euphausia superba ) is a key structural element for the functional biodiversity of the Southern Ocean ecosystem and an important [...] effects of climate changes on the ecosystem of the Southern Ocean and support a more adaptive risk assessment of the krill fishery in the Southern Ocean. Participants Prof. Dr. Bettina Meyer (AWI/ICBM) (Principal

parameters in the water column of the Arctic Ocean on a regular basis to better understand the impact of a variable environment on ecological processes in the Arctic ocean. ICES Working Group on Plankton and [...] such as Pseudnitzschia sp. , or different species of the genus Alexandrium sp . FRAM (Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring) The development of a standardized molecular observation strategy for marine eukaryotic [...] microbial observatory that aims to monitor and understand how ongoing environmental changes affect Arctic marine prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities and how these changes will alter their role

atmosphere-ocean interactions Atmosphere-ocean interactions at high latitudes are thought to play a key role in past atmospheric CO2 variability by controlling the sea-ice field, upper ocean physical parameters [...] in the Arctic, Topic: ERC-2018-COG AGENSI, an ERC Horizon 2020 project led by Stijn de Schepper (Bergen University, Norway), takes an innovative approach to generate essential knowledge on Arctic sea ice [...] the Arctic and global climate state. If greenhouse gas emissions remain unchecked and further increase, summer sea ice loss may pass a critical threshold that could drastically transform the Arctic as we

Network SPICES: Detection and forecasts of ice covers Changing Arctic Ocean ESA: Climate Change Initiative MOSAiC IceBird Transdrift: Arctic Ice-Ocean-Interaction

changes in climate. Indeed, by providing the quantification of the MRE for key locations in the main ocean basins, the MARCARA project aims to fill a long-standing gap in radiocarbon research. The project [...] Marine Reservoir Age); values are averaged between 50°N and 50°S. CS, GS, and PD specify different ocean states with weak, intermediate, and strong overturning (Butzin et al., 2020). (d) Marine reservoir [...] G., Köhler, P., Butzin, M. , Hauck, J., Gürses, Ö., and Völker, C.: FESOM2.1-REcoM3-MEDUSA2: an ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model coupled to a sediment model, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss. [preprint]

linked to changes in glacial ocean circulation. Nature 559, 241–245, doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0276-y Stein R., Fahl K., Gierz P., Niessen F, and Lohmann G. , 2017: Arctic Ocean sea ice cover during the penultimate [...] large-scale surface ocean and climate. To improve the quality of the climate model, high spatial model resolution is required around the coasts and ice shelves, which makes traditional ocean-climate models [...] surface ocean and climate. Timeliness & method: To improve the quality of the model, high spatial model resolution is required around the coasts and ice shelves, which makes traditional ocean-climate models

br>How do you successfully pilot a remote-controlled helicopter in the remote expanses of the Arctic Ocean when the compass can’t provide reliable positioning data? Engineers on board the Alfred Wegener