the (sub-) polar North Atlantic (Fram Strait, Greenland Sea, Baffin Bay) and their changes through late Quaternary times. Of special interest will be the interrelationship between sea-ice cover, meltwater [...] Arctic sea ice variability, a crucial indicator or ‘canary in the coal mine’ for the Arctic and global climate state. If greenhouse gas emissions remain unchecked and further increase, summer sea ice loss [...] draining into the Amundsen Sea, the Pine Island and Thwaites glaciers. If these two major ice streams continue retreating into the deep inner basins, they would raise the global sea level by ~1.5 m. In order