shelf sites all around the Arctic. Advected temperature and salinity anomalies propagate through the Arctic Ocean. It has to be determined which fraction of the associated oceanic heat possibly goes to melt [...] Cretaceous to Oligocene changes in the configuration of polar ocean basins (Arctic) and gateways (e.g. the Drake Passage). In the Arctic Ocean, these surveys are essential for the detection and the recovery [...] atmosphere and ocean circulation that may affect the uptake of CO2 by the Southern Ocean. The ocean- shelf-ice interactions in a warming world, the release of freshwater and its impact on ocean circulation

the Arctic environment? What changed in the Arctic over the last decades? What is permafrost? How does thawing permafrost affect the Arctic environment? How does thawing permafrost affect Arctic infr [...] explore the conflict of interests of different Arctic stakeholders. Lesson Plan Permafrost in the Arctic Living in the wild North The Permafrost Risk The Ocean Race Summit Dr. Rebecca Rolph was an invited [...] all-hands-on-deck meeting at the Ocean’s Race, an organization holds sailing races around the world. The Ocean’s Race has a growing interest in promoting sustainability and ocean conservation practices, and

Times' reports! Arctic climate change and the consequences for microalgae Contribution to the scientific expert reports section on the website of Scientific Year 2016/17 Resistant Arctic microalgae (De [...] (Deutschlandfunk, 25.1.2017) Radio interview on the responses of Arctic phytoplankton to climate change on the occasion of the Arctic Frontiers conference 2017, Deutschlandfunk. Tiny algae, hugely resilient [...] important source of food in the oceans. Dr Clara Hoppe of the Alfred Wegener Institute examines how changed living conditions as a result of climate change affect Arctic microalgae. Algal diet (Rheinpfalz

kinds of observations in Arctic and Antarctic regions are most urgently needed to improve our understanding, our models, and our predictions of atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean? Answers to these and many [...] on. A "weather forecast" for the Arctic No-one can say for sure whether the next few days will be snowy or sunny at the North Pole: the weather forecast for the Arctic is far less reliable than for other [...] Ryanair doesn't fly to the Arctic yet The Year of Polar Prediction officially began in May. Through mid 2019, there will be increased measurements of the weather, sea ice and oceans in order to improve en

Arctic Ocean
This September, the Arctic sea ice extent has shrunk to 4.1 million square kilometres (sq km)-the second lowest in the history of satellite measurements. It is exceeded only by the all-time [...] all-time record low of 3.4 million sq km in 2012. "Once again, a massive loss of sea ice in the Arctic," says Prof. Lars Kaleschke from Universität Hamburg's Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability

Sea Ice
The Arctic sea ice continues to dwindle: Since the 1970s, when satellites first began monitoring the white sheet covering the Arctic Ocean, its February extent was never as small as it was this [...] this year. The reason: warm air intrusions, which are not only hitting the Arctic more frequently, but are also intensifying and reaching farther north.

remain poorly understood. The Fram Strait Sea Ice Export (FSSIE) is a crucial component of the Arctic Ocean's freshwater and heat budget, influencing the dynamics of sea ice formation and melting. Recent [...] through China Sholarship Council and AWI supervision: Prof. Gerrit Lohmann with Prof. Xianyao Chen , Ocean University of China PhD candidate: Xiaojie Hao The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) is a dominant [...] dominant mode of variability in sea surface temperatures (SSTs) across the North Atlantic Ocean, exerting profound impacts on regional and global climate patterns. Recent advancements in modeling techniques

shifted location • Arctic Ocean: • Increased coastline erosion – e.g. village relocation • Cultural change – subsistence lifestyle facing problems Changes in the ocean impact people Arctic Ocean and extreme [...] weather Impacts on people J. Francis What’s happening in the Arctic Ocean? • Warmer air reduces air column density, shifting wind fields Arctic Ocean and extreme mid-latitude weather Impacts on people J. Francis [...] PowerPoint Presentation Ocean and climate change Dr. Rebecca Rolph Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Potsdam, Germany • How the ocean regulates climate • Changes in the ocean • What these changes

look beyond the moorings and the Hausgarten into the Norwegian Sea and the Arctic Ocean. The Fram Strait connects the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic. Unlike the shallow water conjunction to the Pacific [...] Arctic long-term observatory FRAM 5,000 metres seawater plus ice separate the seafloor from boisterous life in the upper water layers of the Arctic Ocean. Additionally there is a strong change between [...] deep and thus the main region for exchange of water between the Arctic and the global oceans. Due to its importance for the global ocean circulation the Fram Strait has long since been a focus area of

have now shown, the ocean may weaken warming around Antarctica and delay sea-ice retreat. Given that many models are not capable of accurately reflecting this factor and the role of ocean eddies, the study [...] Climate Research
Despite global warming and the sea-ice loss in the Arctic, the Antarctic sea-ice extent has remained largely unchanged since 1979. However, existing climate model-based simulations