with the atmosphere and ocean. (Antarctic) Climate change Improved snow process formulations in climate models Investigation of the impact of changing atmospheric and oceanic processes on the evolution [...] S. , and Meyer, H.: Isotopic signatures of snow, sea ice, and surface seawater in the central Arctic Ocean during the MOSAiC expedition, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 12, doi.org/10.1 [...] research will significantly improve our process understanding of Antarctic sea ice in the Southern Ocean climate system – from today’s perspective and for future warming climate scenarios. Background Snow

collect and analyse Arctic sea-ice drift forecasts at lead times from days to a year. Forecasts are made with various methods for drifting sea-ice buoys and, ultimately, the trans-Arctic MOSAiC drift campaign [...] Apr 1 Jul 1 Oct 1 Jan 2018 1 Apr 1 Jul 1 Oct 1 Jan 2019 uw001_IceOceanModel uo001_mpasCESM ukmo001_FOAM ukmo001_cplNWP ucl001_IceOceanModelTracer nrl001_flatearth24 metno001_RK2 esrl001_SeaIceVelocity [...] collect and analyse Arctic sea-ice drift forecasts at lead times from days to a year. Forecasts are made with various methods for drifting sea-ice buoys and, ultimately, the trans-Arctic MOSAiC drift campaign

OC-PFT. NAT = North Atlantic Ocean, SO = Southern Ocean, Arc = Arctic Ocean. NPC = North Pacific Ocean, SPC = South pacific Ocean, SAT = South Atlantic Ocean, IND= Indic Ocean. Modified from Kostandinov [...] Tegtmeier, S., Krüger, K. 2014. Link of phytoplankton to oceanic trace gas emissions- examples from the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Earth Observation for Ocean- Atmosphere Interactions Science 2014, ESRIN, Frascati [...] global oceanic DMS flux and its future climate sensitivity, J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119, 7725–7740. Le Quéré et al. 2005. Ecosystem dynamics based on plankton functional types for global ocean biogeochemistry

to obtain the respective c-PSC. 3.1.3 Phytoplankton Functional Types from NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model The NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM) is a global biogeochemical model with cou- pled circulation [...] Kilias, Estelle, Hardge, K., et al. . 2015. Plankton ecology and biogeochemistry in a changing Arctic Ocean – Overview of long-term 58 Sy-4SciPFT-PVR- SY-4Sci Synergy R & D Study 4: Version 3.3 D2.4-AWI-IUP [...] the Southern Ocean: Mean Patterns, Trends and the Role f Climate Oscillations. Remote Sensing, 8, 420. C. Swan, C., Vogt, M., Gruber, N., Laufkötter, C. 2016. A global seasonal surface ocean climatology

Transfer in the Ocean Including Inelastic Scattering Processes Using the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Radiative Transfer Model SCIATRAN. Poster presentation at Colour and Light in the Ocean from Earth Observation [...] knowledge on PFT algorithms and ecology to two studies of GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel assessing oceanic emissions and the link to specific PFT abundances (Booge et al. 2016, Schlundt et [...] other ocean-colour algorithms, such as standard Chla retrievals (RD-13). The direction for new satellite sensor construction for obtaining high quality PFT products from multi- and hyperspectral ocean colour

attenuation coefficient at 490 nm OC ------------------- Ocean Colour OC-CCI ------------- Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative OLCI ----------------- Ocean and Land Colour Instrument PFT ------------------ [...] com/channel/UCxseMj2r9jMDq-LjKzUOIVg/featured 6) Arctic Ocean MSM93 expedition contribution to newsletter of German Science Foundation Transregio Arctic Amplification: www.ac3- tr.de/download/n [...] reasonable spatial scale for ocean monitoring and improving statistical /empirical PFT retrievals. 3) Oelker J. (2021) “Suitability of atmospheric satellite sensors for ocean color applications” PhD Thesis

Fluorescence Line Height OC ------------------- Ocean Colour OC-CCI --------------Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative OLCI ----------------- Ocean and Land Colour Instrument OMI ----------------- Ozone [...] Southern Ocean phytoplankton size classes to iron fertilization, Limnol. Oceanogr., 51, 1217– 1229. Liu, Y et al. (2018): Underway spectrophotometry in the Fram Strait (European Arctic Ocean): a highly [...] of particulate absorption, scattering and attenuation coefficients in the surface ocean; Contribution of the Tara Oceans expedition. Methods in Oceanography 7, 52–62 (2013). Bracher A., Taylor B.B., Taylor

support the development of strategies for adaptation and mitigation. Topic 2: Oceans and Cryosphere in Climate How do oceans and the cryosphere drive climate change, and how can we better predict future [...] profound changes, with significant impacts on humanity. Central to these changes are the polar regions, oceans, and coastal and shelf seas, which play crucial roles in regulating the Earth's climate and supporting [...] ty and have a critical influence on both regional and global climate by affecting sea-ice cover, ocean circulation, atmospheric conditions and finally coastal areas. The Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI)

Lab Proxy Laboratory Observatories Ocean: FRAM Water: COSYNA Meteorology Geophysics Ships Polarstern Heincke Uthörn Mya II Aade Stations Neumayer Station III Arctic Station AWIPEV Kohnen Station Marine

info The sound of Polarstern (Kopie 11) News Comprehensive assessment of the changing Central Arctic Ocean Sparse sea ice, thousands of datapoints and samples, a surprising number of animals and hydrothermal [...] l research team is now bringing back from a Polarstern expedition to the Central Arctic. After a four-month-long Arctic season, the Alfred Wegener Institute’s research icebreaker is expected to arrive [...] is still almost completely dark in the microalgae's habitat under the snow and ice cover of the Arctic Ocean. The results of the study now published in the How is the dramatic decline in sea ice affecting