seriously impacted the sea-ice cover: in the Russian Arctic (the sector from 30 to 180° East), roughly 1 million square kilometres less of the ocean is covered with ice than in the past seven years.
[...] Sea Ice
The Arctic sea-ice extent is the lowest it’s ever been in July since the beginning of satellite observation. The sea-ice retreat is especially pronounced off the Siberian coast, as a result

Sea ice motion and deformation Sea ice can be found in the Arctic and Antarctic, but also for example in the Gulf of Bothnia and Finland, is very dynamic. The drift velocities of individual ice floes or [...] other deformation features have a major impact on the interaction between the atmosphere, sea ice and ocean. They also pose dangers for ship traffic. Among other things, our work focuses on the improvement [...] landscape in the Lena delta (© NASA / Landsat , 2000) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut) Charting the Arctic Tundra Polynias Terra Nova Bay Polynia (© NSIDC / Modis, 2013) (Photo: Alfred Wegener Institut)

that minor changes can have major repercussions.” For example, if the temperature of ocean currents in the Antarctic Ocean changed by only a few tenths of a degree, it could produce widespread reactions in [...] expects to see similar phenomena in the event that the ice in Greenland or major parts of the Ant­arctic melts: the melting in Greenland would most likely contribute to rising sea levels in the Southern

greenhouse gas loading scenarios. The mass balance of Arctic sea ice is therefore determined not only by changes in the energy balance of the coupled ice-ocean-atmosphere system but also by the increasing influence [...] influence of dynamic effects. One aspect of the mass balance of Arctic sea ice are changes of ice volume export rates through major gates of the Arctic, such as Fram Strait. The Sea Ice Physics group investigates [...] Sea Ice Thickness - Mass Balance The Arctic sea ice extent and thickness have undergone dramatic changes in the past decades: The summer sea ice extent is declining at an annual rate of approximately 12

Nature Scientific Reports
The ice-covered Arctic Ocean is a more important factor concerning the concentration of the greenhouse gas methane in the atmosphere than previously assumed. Experts from the [...] Research (AWI) report on the newly discovered interactions between the atmosphere, sea ice and the ocean in a recent online study in the journal Nature’s Scientific Reports.

ice influence the observed variability of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice? How do variations in melt and freeze rates impact the ocean and the atmosphere in the Arctic and Antarctic? What are the consequences [...] polar ocean due to Arctic sea ice retreat? We apply, improve, and develop various methods to study sea ice and snow processes in both hemispheres, including the interaction of atmosphere and ocean. Contact [...] are the reasons for the dramatic changes in Arctic sea ice during the last decades? Why is the development of sea ice in the Antarctic so different to the Arctic and shows strong regional differences? How

dependances in Bremerhaven and Sylt as well as temporary dive bases at the polar research station AWIPEV (Arctic - Spitsbergen), Dallman (Antarctic) and Neumayer III (Antarctic). With currently 12 certified "Dive [...] main scientific diving facilities in Europe and conducts professional underwater research in all oceans of the world. The main goals of the AWI Center for Scientific Diving are: To conduct, promote and

PS93.2 Weekly Report No. 1 | 21 until 26 July 2015
On June 21 st , 46 scientists, engineers, technicians, and students coming from 10 nations embarked in sunny Tromsø to participate in the second l

skilful Arctic sea-ice forecasts far beyond weather time scales, submitted. 4) Goessling, H. F., & Jung, T. (2018). A probabilistic verification score for contours: Methodology and application to Arctic ice-edge [...] Goessling, H. F., Tietsche, S., Day, J. J., Hawkins, E., & Jung, T. (2016). Predictability of the Arctic sea ice edge. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(4), 1642-1650. (current SSIP Group Members highlighted [...] prediction system is based on the AWI Climate Model1,2: a coupled model of the atmosphere (ECHAM) and the ocean and sea ice (FESOM). The latter is equipped with a fully unstructured triangular horizontal discretization

Antarctic. For the late northern summer, when the Arctic sea ice extent shrinks to its minimum every year, climate projections indicate that the Arctic Ocean will be largely ice-free by the mid-21st century [...] in the High North. The increased accessibility of the Arctic comes with both opportunity and risk. The volume of marine transport through the Arctic could increase rapidly in the coming decades, given the [...] routes through the Arctic safer. Shorter shipping distances entail substantial fuel savings. However, decisions on whether or not to switch from more traditional shipping routes to the Arctic will still need